24 Hours Hotline: +86 137-3541-1378
Email:beijing@tripstoshanghai.com
24 Hours Hotline: +86 137-3541-1378
Email:beijing@tripstoshanghai.com
Introduction
This site was first excavated in 1927, in a cave on Dragon Bone Hill at Zhoukoudian, southwest of Beijing. In 1929, skull fossils of Peking Man were discovered here, providing concrete evidence for the existence of primitive man in the Beijing area and marking a milestone in the history of paleo-anthropology. So far, a total of 6 skulls, 15 pieces of lower jawbones, 157 teeth and numerous other bone segments from the bodies of about 40 humans have been excavated, providing concrete data for the study of the evolution of pre-historic biology and the development of pre-historic culture.
The study of geological strata indicates that Peking Man lived about 700, 000 to 200,000 years ago, and was among the first human beings to learn how to use fire, and could hunt large animals. Their average life expectancy was short; it is estimated that 68.2% of them died by the age of 14, and only 4.5% lived up to 50 years.
Cultural Heritage
As primitive men evolved from ape men to intelligent men, Peking Man learned how to make tools in the early Paleolithic period, marking them as humans, different from apes.
The discovery and study of Peking Man and his culture solved the 50-year-long controversy over whether ape-men were apes or men, which resulted from the excavation of Java Man in the 19th century. Evidence indicates that at the dawn of human civilization, ape-men did exist and they were descendants of southern apes and ancestors of intelligent men, judging from their physique, culture and social organization. Peking Man still serves as the benchmark for judging whether an ancient creature was an ape or homo sapiens.
Fossils
In December 1929, under the leadership of Chinese anthropologist Pei Wenzhong, a team from the Peking Institute of Geology excavated the first skull fossil of Peking Man. It was identified as being at least 690,000 years old. In the following large-scale excavation, many skulls, bones, teeth and bone segments were discovered.
Evolution From Ape to Man
The site of Peking Man is a large natural cave. Some 700,000 years ago, a species of homo sapiens lived here for about 300,000 years, leaving several layers of ash as evidence of the use of fire. Numerous stone tools were excavated as well.
In 1933, fossils of the New Cave Man, who lived about 50,000 to 20,000 years ago, were discovered. He was a descendant of Peking Man, but much more evolved. He resembled modern human beings in appearance, with fairly well developed intelligence and superior physique to Peking Man.
Information
Location: Zhoukoudian Dajie, Fangshan District
TEL: +86 10 6930 1278
Openning Hours:
8:30-16:00 (November 1-March 31)
8:30-16:30 (April 1-October 31)
Tikcet Price: CNY 30 for adults, CNY 15 for children and elderly
How to get to visit Peking Man Site: Take bus No. 917 from Tianqiao to Liangxiang Ximen, or bus No. 616 at Beijing West Railway Station to Liangxiang Ximen, and then take bus No. 38 to Zhoukoudian.
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